TGO or Aspartate-aminotransferase (AST) is an enzyme in the Transferazelor class that catalyzes the reversible reaction of transferring an amino group from an amino acid (L-aspartate) to a cetoacid (alpha-cetoglutaric acid). TGO is predominantly found in tissues with increased metabolism: myocardial, liver, skeletal muscle, and in lower amounts in the kidneys, pancreas and erythrocytes. In the liver, 60% of TGO is located in cytoplasm and 40% in the mitochondria. The increase in TGO is directly proportional to the number of cells destroyed in these organs. At the same time, increased levels also depend on past tense times from the moment of injury: the values increase approximately 8 hours after cell destruction, reach the maximum value in 24-36 hours and return to normal in 3-7 days. In Hepato-biliary diseases, it precedes the increase in serum bilirubin by about one week.

In the case of chronic injury, TGO values are permanently elevated. In acute hepatitis, the TGO levels are coalition 20 times the limit above normal.

In Obstrucțiile extrahepatic (e.g. Biliary gallstones), TGO levels grow rapidly up to 10 times above the upper limit, and fall as fast after resolving the blockage.

In cirrhotic patients, TGO levels depend on the amount of sore tissue. Elevated levels of TGO also meet in pancreatic and renal disorders, as well as in erythrocyte anomalies or burns. In children, in the case of abdominal trauma, values exceeding 450 U/L indicate hepatic impairment. Values of TGO or TGP of > 9000 U/L, in alcohol-acetaminophen syndrome distinguish between alcoholic and viral hepatitis.

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