Vaccination

The best way to prevent hepatitis B is vaccination. In Romania vaccination against hepatitis B is part of the national vaccination scheme. The hepatitis B vaccine is given in 3 doses, the first in the first 24 hours after birth.

Vaccination of pregnant women

• Pregnancy is not a contraindication for vaccination against hepatitis B.

Vaccination of the newborn

• It is essential in preventing the transmission of infection from the mother.
• Vaccination may be associated with the administration of immunoglobulins against hepatitis B (HBIG), in the case of children from mothers with positive serology for HBsAg and HBeAg.
• The first dose of vaccine and HBIG should be carried out within the first 24 hours after birth.
• The vaccination scheme should be supplemented by two more doses, 2 months and 6 months after birth.
• The current infant vaccination scheme in Romania includes boosters at 2, 4 and 11 months after Primovaccination in the first 24 hours after birth.
• There are several types of vaccine conditioning: mono vaccine, bi vaccines, tetra vaccines and penta vaccines, validated vaccines that are part of the national immunization schemes.
• Immunity after vaccination may persist until 5-15 years after correctly done vaccination.

There are cases in literature where the applied vaccine in the adult did not generate antibodies in protective titer or even did not generate detectable antibodies.

Administration of HBIG (Immunoglobulins against hepatitis B)

• Children born from positive HBsAg mothers, in addition to the vaccine, should receive 0.5 ml intramuscularly HBIG within 12 hours of birth; the first dose of the vaccine is given at the same time as HBIG, but in different places; the second and third doses of the vaccine are given in Romania at 2, respectively 4 months of life.
• It is recommended to test infants for HBsAg and anti HBs antibodies at 9-15 months of life for monitoring the effectiveness/inefficiency of prophylaxis.

• Children with positive antiHBs antibodies and negative HBsAg are protected; they no longer require revaccination.
• Children with negative antiHBs antibodies and positive HBsAg require revaccination.

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